KDHS

JWest takes next steps

An artistic rendering of JWest’s new Jewish Community Centre of Greater Vancouver, as seen from 41st Avenue. (image from Federation)

JWest has submitted the development permit application to the City of Vancouver for the first building of the planned community hub, the new Jewish Community Centre of Greater Vancouver (JCC) at the corner of 41st Avenue and Willow Street.

The design for a six-storey community centre is now being reviewed by the city after consultation with city planners. Rezoning for the site was approved in 2018 and includes a new JCC, a new King David High School and residential towers. Once completed, the hub will provide both housing and amenities for the expanding Oakridge neighbourhood.

The new JCC will be a 200,000-square-foot, state-of-the-art, multigenerational community centre on what is currently the JCC parking lot. The centre will include expanded childcare, services for seniors, arts and cultural spaces, and amenities for all Vancouver residents. More than 20 not-for-profit organizations are expected to call the centre home. In particular, the Vancouver Holocaust Education Centre, the largest Holocaust-based museum in Western Canada, will double in size to meet the growing demand for anti-racism education.

This is Phase 1 of the two-phase project. Phase 2 will include mixed-use rental housing, with units offered at or below market value and open to Jews and non-Jews.

While JWest is a community-led initiative that is Jewish at heart, it will benefit everyone. At $450+ million, it is also the most extensive project in the history of the Jewish community in Western Canada. And fundraising is proceeding apace, with keystone grants from the Government of Canada, the Government of British Columbia, the Diamond Foundation, the Al Roadburg Foundation, the Ronald S. Roadburg Foundation, and dozens of community-minded individuals and families bringing the vision into reality. The plan is to break ground within 13 months.

For more information, go to jwestnow.com. For philanthropic opportunities, contact Emily Pritchard at JWest ([email protected]).

– Courtesy Jewish Federation of Greater Vancouver

Family hopes to save lives

At the Sept. 26 event Bridging Hope, which takes place at King David High School, Noah Bogdonov, left, and his parents, David Bogdonov and Elana Epstein, will speak about their family’s experience with addiction. (photo from Bogdonov-Epsteins)

“We want to share our experience, strength and hope with addiction,” said David Bogdonov about what he and his wife, Elana Epstein, and their son, Noah Bogdonov, will talk about on Sept. 26 at Bridging Hope: Science and Testimonial in the Fight Against Addiction.

The Independent spoke with the Bogdonov-Epsteins recently, to get to know them a bit before the event, which is being presented by Canadian Friends of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, King David High School and Vancouver Talmud Torah.

David is an engineer and works for a company that builds waterparks, while Elana, who has a social work background, has been a yoga teacher for about 20 years and a wellness/spiritual coach for about 15 years. “Currently, I am supporting a ton of moms in the addiction community,” she said.

The couple has three sons. “Boys R Us” quipped David. “Noah is the firstborn, at 28 years old; Tal is our second, at 24; and Benjamin is our youngest, at 22.”

It was in October 2022 that they became sure that Noah was struggling with addiction. “Before that,” said Elana, “about three or four months before the ‘awakened moment,’ we knew that he had been struggling but he was telling us he had gotten it under control, not to worry, then it went downhill, crashing very fast.

“He started in high school – not unlike the vast majority of kids in high school – using weed and alcohol,” she said. “We didn’t like it, but we assumed it was part of his teenage years and that he would grow out of it and come to his own realization of how to find balance in life and, sadly, that never happened.”

Initially, it was Noah’s friends who tried to help.

“They held an informal intervention and asked him to get it under control,” said David. “That was in May of ’22, and that’s when we became aware of it, but he pulled the wool over our eyes and convinced us that he had it all under control. That’s when we started to make sense of all the red flags we had seen for a long time.”

Months later, when David and Elana were in Whistler, Noah was slower than usual to respond to a text message. “I woke up one morning and said that we need to go home, something is not right. He was staying at my brother’s apartment, who was away, and we knew. I said, we need to go, and we went, and we found him, and he was in dire straits,” said Elana. “But, he said, ‘I don’t want to live like this anymore.’ We asked, ‘Does that mean treatment?’ He said, ‘Yeah.’ We got the ball rolling, and he went right in, no hesitation, no more denial. He was ready, we were ready, and that was the beginning of the rest of his life.”

It’s been almost two years since Noah has been in treatment. He spent about 100 days at the Last Door Addiction Recovery Treatment Centre, in New Westminster, then was in transition housing, where he had a relapse that lasted two months, said David. It’s been 16 months since Noah’s relapse.

“David and I never stopped going to the weekly meetings, doing our own work,” said Elana, even while Noah was relapsing. The Last Door has family group meetings, which they’ve been attending regularly since Noah was two weeks into treatment, said David, calling their participation in the group a “very key element” of their own recovery.

Noah is working at Maintain Recovery, a sober living house, which he manages. “It’s a common story for many recovering addicts to get immersed in the life of recovery,” said David. “They often start to work in the organizations and so on. It’s part of what keeps them clean and keeps them on the path, which is really wonderful to watch.”

David and Elana are being so open about their family’s experiences because, said David, “We take quite seriously that part of the overdose crisis is caused by the stigma surrounding drug addition and we subscribe to the notion that addiction is a disease and should be treated like any other disease. You don’t shame someone for having cancer, you shouldn’t shame someone for having the disease of addiction. So, we are both passionate about that.”

“For me,” added Elana, “it goes beyond the stigma…. I really feel like if there were more language, more community, more education, more connection around this, you know, if I had had someone … approach me and say, listen, this is what addiction looks like, your son seems to be starting down a path that gets worse before it gets better…. In Noah’s life, we had no knowledge of addiction, we did not know what it looked like, we were totally blindsided,” she said.

“We don’t have trauma, there was no story he was hiding and trying to make peace with,” added Elana. “He was a boy who got caught up in using recreational drugs, like everyone else, [but] he was the one who was the addict who couldn’t stop. The moment when, with Noah’s permission, it became clear that we had a role to play in our community, where there’s a lot of shame and we don’t talk about it, so the kid dies. That’s not, on my watch, ever going to happen. If I can touch one family’s life because of our story, I will continue to do this till the day I die.”

Bridging Hope takes place at King David High School. Discussing the science of addiction will be Dr. Yaron Finkelstein, a professor of pediatrics, pharmacology and toxicology at the University of Toronto and a staff physician at the Hospital for Sick Children (known as SickKids); Dr. Yonatan Kupchik, senior lecturer and director, department of medical neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada (IMRIC), Centre for Addiction Research (ICARe), the Hebrew University of Jerusalem; and Dr. Rami Yaka, head of HU’s School of Pharmacy. For tickets to the event ($18), visit register.cfhu.org/bridginghope.

The science behind addiction

Every year, more Canadian teenagers die by suicide than by all medical diseases combined, including cancer, diabetes, asthma and infections.

Dr. Yaron Finkelstein, a professor of pediatrics, pharmacology and toxicology at the University of Toronto and a staff physician at the Hospital for Sick Children (known as SickKids), shared this fact with the Jewish Independent in advance of Bridging Hope: Science and Testimonial in the Fight Against Addiction. Presented by Canadian Friends of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, King David High School (KDHS) and Vancouver Talmud Torah (VTT), the Sept. 26 event at KDHS will also feature Dr. Yonatan Kupchik, senior lecturer, department of medical neurobiology, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HU), and Dr. Rami Yaka, head of the School of Pharmacy at HU, discussing the science of addiction. The testimonial part of the gathering will be shared by members of the Epstein-Bogdonov family. In this issue of the Independent, we talk to the doctors. Next issue, we will meet Elana Epstein and David Bogdonov, who, with their son, Noah Bogdonov, will speak in September about their family’s experience with addiction.

“Drug overdose, led by the opioids crisis, is an immense public health problem in BC, Canada and globally,” Finkelstein said. “Effectively addressing the loss of so many people for overdose daily, a largely preventable condition, must be a national priority. Indeed, youths are also highly affected, and we see them in the emergency departments, in clinics and, sadly, on the streets. Further, some youths use overdose as a common means of self-harm and suicide attempt.”

Finkelstein added that “most medications administered to children, particularly in hospitals (up to 85% in some acute care settings) have not been properly studied and approved in this population. Rather, we ‘borrow’ them from our experience in adults, scale the dose down to the child’s weight and hope to achieve the same effects and outcomes. However, we know this is not always the case, sometimes the outcomes are unwarranted, and I have personally noticed that repeatedly over the years. The goal of my research program is to work hard and close this knowledge gap – find the safest and most effective medications for children, and tailor their dosing regimens to the pediatric needs.”

photo - Dr. Yaron Finkelstein — Dr. Yaron Finkelstein *(photo from Sickkids website)*

At Bridging Hope, Finkelstein will discuss “the impacts of cannabis legalization on pediatric poisonings – trends and severity (for example, many do not appreciate that edible cannabis products can kill a child) – and on mental health, including addiction and the risk of developing schizophrenia in youths and adults.”

Canada became the second country to legalize cannabis for recreational use in 2018, he said. “This ‘natural experiment’ has led to numerous unanticipated outcomes, many have negative impacts on public health, and particularly on children.”

Finkelstein’s main research is centred on pediatric therapeutics in acute-care settings, with the long-term goal of optimizing drug safety.

“During my clinical clerkship in medical school, my passion to help children grew tremendously, and I was inspired by my mentors,” he shared. “Children have immense resilience, and their recovery is often fast and remarkable, and provides hope. I was always fascinated by the mechanistic actions of drugs on the human body, and combining those passions felt natural.”

“From the early beginning of my studies, I was thrilled to understand how the brain functions,” said Yaka, who not just heads HU’s School of Pharmacy but conducts research as well. “The brain reward circuitry is the most important system in any living creature, since it is responsible for our survival and reproduction, therefore, our existence. My main research is focused on synaptic function in health and disease.”

photo - Dr. Rami Yaka — Dr. Rami Yaka *(photo from HU website)*

Yaka joined the School of Pharmacy in 2003 and has served in many capacities. “Since I feel that the School of Pharmacy is like my second home and I really care about its future, and since I have all the necessary experience to take this mission, I volunteered to head the school,” he said. “Maintaining the right balance between the administrative duties and the research (my main cause of being here) is challenging. I work harder and try to pay the same attention to both tasks without reducing any effort for either.”

On Sept. 26, Yaka will talk about “‘out of the box’ research to battle drug addiction.”

“Since addiction to drugs, screens, food, etc., is very common and spreads all over the world very easily, this subject is very popular among laypeople,” he said. “Therefore, for me, it’s easy to adopt lay language to explain in simple words what the problem is and what we can do to avoid having it. I think that a huge part of the problem is the lack of knowledge among users (mainly young) about the adverse effects and negative impact that drugs have on the brain.”

With respect to educating youth and engaging them more broadly in science, Kupchik sees his role as a principal investigator at a leading university as “not only to generate new knowledge that may lead the world forward but also to plant the seeds for the next generation of principal investigators.”

“In Israel,” said Kupchik, “there are several programs that select the top high school students in the country and expose them to academia at their early age. This is excellent, but … there are many excellent students that we may be missing as a society just because they live in underprivileged places. Therefore, we try in the lab to specifically target those populations of students, and we do it in various ways. For example … [we] started an initiative that invites local high school students to scientific conferences taking place in their vicinity. For many students, this is the first interaction with science and many of them reported later that it induced interest in the scientific world. We also invite high school students to our laboratory and provide an interactive experience in which they learn about the brain and how scientific research is performed.”

photo - Dr. Yonatan Kupchik — Dr. Yonatan Kupchik *(photo from HU website)*

What most intrigues Kupchik about neurobiology “is how a biological organ, composed of billions of neurons that communicate with each other, generates such complex phenomena as behaviour, emotion, thoughts, etc.” His lab at HU researches the changes occurring in single neurons or in brain circuits in drug addiction or obesity. Among other things, they are currently collaborating with two neighbouring labs.

“One is with the laboratory of Dr. Shai Sabbah, an expert in the neurobiology of light processing in the eye. It is known that exposure to light can affect mood and the neural activity in brain areas related to emotions. We are investigating in this collaboration whether light exposure could also affect drug-seeking behaviour.

“Another collaboration is with the laboratory of Dr. Danny Ben-Zvi, an endocrinologist and expert of the bariatric surgery. As bariatric surgery decreases the craving for rewarding foods, we are now investigating together whether the bariatric surgery drives permanent changes in the reward system of the brain and whether it could affect the craving for other, non-food, rewards.”

Kupchik said, “We believe that there are many similarities between behaviours that may reflect addiction, such as drug dependence, overeating, gambling, hoarding, computer gaming, social media use and so on, and hope that understanding the neurobiological mechanisms in one kind of addiction could hint about the mechanisms of other addictions. We chose to focus on drug addiction and on obesity both because these are two main global health challenges that remain unsolved and because these are conditions that can be modeled in laboratory animals.”

At King David High School, Kupchik “will try to show some of the permanent changes we found that occur in the reward system after using cocaine, and after withdrawal.”

For tickets ($18) to Bridging Hope, visit register.cfhu.org/bridginghope.

New KDHS head of school

Dr. Seth Goldsweig (photo from KDHS)

The start of the school year is always a time of fresh beginnings. This is especially true at King David High School this year. On Sept. 3, Dr. Seth Goldsweig will welcome new and returning students as the school’s top administrator. It is the first time in 16 years – a lifetime in student years – since KDHS has had a new principal.

Goldsweig arrived this summer from an extensive period as a teacher and administrator in Toronto, replacing Russ Klein, who retired as King David’s head of school. (For more on Klein’s career and retirement, see jewishindependent.ca/king-david-head-retires-soon.) In a conversation with the Independent, the new head of school raved about the Vancouver community and the embracing welcome he has received.

“The transition has been amazing because of the people here,” said Goldsweig. “People have gone out of their way to make me feel good and to feel supported. I have Shabbat dinner plans for as long into the future as I can want.… You get a sense that it’s a very warm Jewish community here just by how warm and kind everyone has been to me.”

Goldsweig taught in Jewish day schools before becoming vice-principal at Toronto’s Robbins Hebrew Academy and then vice-principal at the Leo Baeck Day School, where he spent the past 11 years.

“I’ve always wanted to be head of school,” he said. “On top of my PhD, I’ve done additional programs to train educators to be leaders of Jewish day schools and so this has always been something that I’ve aspired to do. When this job came up, it certainly sounded appealing being in a place with beautiful mountains and amazing people, but also the timing worked out because my kids, Danielle and Josh, are graduating from the Jewish high school in Toronto, called TanenbaumCHAT, and they’re going on to university, so the timing worked out.”

His route to Vancouver was circuitous. He was born in smalltown Vermont to parents who left New York City for a rural life. (Were they hippies? “They would say no. I would say yes,” Goldsweig replied.)

“I grew up on a dirt road in a town with just a few thousand people and two or three Jewish families,” he said.

At 18, he left to do environmental studies at Binghamton University in upstate New York, then lived in Israel for five years, doing a semester at Ben-Gurion University in Beersheva and another semester at the Arava Institute for Environmental Studies on Kibbutz Ketura, which is located in the Arava Valley.

He then returned to the Arava Institute the next year as a staff member, followed by three years at the Pardes Institute of Jewish Studies in Jerusalem. In the Pardes educators’ program, he studied Judaic texts coupled with a focus on Jewish education toward a master’s degree from Hebrew University of Jerusalem. His PhD, in educational leadership and administration, is from Lesley University, and he has a related certificate from Hebrew College and studied education at Harvard as well. His PhD dissertation was on Jewish day school financial sustainability.

In Israel, Goldsweig met his wife, Amy, who is from Toronto. The pair taught in Boston for a time before moving to Ontario to be close to family when they learned they were having twins.

Goldsweig became bar mitzvah at a Reform synagogue in South Burlington, Vt., and belonged to a Conservative congregation in Toronto. His educational career included stints at schools affiliated with both movements and he is excited by King David’s pluralistic approach.

“I’m a big believer in Jewish pluralism,” he said. “I think there’s a great importance in leading and connecting with Jews that are like you and not like you.”

This year, he plans to visit all the synagogues in town “just to get to know the entire Jewish community in Vancouver.”

In Toronto, Goldsweig said, there are many different schools to choose from.

“You are not trying to be everything for everyone, you’re trying to do what you do really well,” he said. “Here – and I really love this – everyone’s in one building. So, the goal is to find ways to make everyone feel welcome and heard and connected and I really think that’s a beautiful thing.”

Goldsweig lauded his predecessor.

“Russ was an incredible head of school and is still an important member of our community,” said Goldsweig. “He’s done amazing things with the school.”

This year’s enrolment of about 270 students is on par with last year’s and Goldsweig does not foresee any dramatic changes in the near future.

“My job for this year is really to spend a lot of time learning from everyone in the community and getting a sense of what the Jewish community in Vancouver is all about and what King David High School is all about so we can make sure we’re meeting the needs for the community now and well into the future,” he said.

King David head retires soon

King David High School principal Russ Klein at the school’s 2023 Golden Thread Gala fundraiser. About to retire, this year’s event will celebrate his 16 years of service. (photo from KDHS)

Russ Klein stepped into the role of head of school at King David High School for a two-year temporary stopgap when Perry Seidelman retired in 2008. This June, he retires after 16 years at the helm.

“This job has just been a gift,” Klein said, before clarifying: “It hasn’t been a job.”

Klein was a vice-principal at Prince of Wales Secondary, in the Vancouver public school system, and was on track to become a principal when the position at KDHS opened. One of the teachers at PW was on the search committee to hire the new King David head of school and asked Klein – hounded might be a more appropriate term – to consider the role.

“I told him a number of times, using choice language, what I thought of that idea,” Klein recounted recently in his corner office at the school.

Finally, Klein consented to meet the search committee’s director, who convinced him to tour the school. He was suddenly interested.

Klein’s superiors at the Vancouver School Board thought a two-year stint as principal at an independent school would be good experience before returning to the public system, and a deal was struck.

“I thought I was in and out,” he said. “I thought I was coming because they needed someone. They knew I had a two-year contract. That’s what I signed.”

The King David experience, though, changed his life.

“When the Vancouver School Board invited me back to be a principal at one of our local Vancouver schools, I had to think long and hard about it and I realized I didn’t want to leave,” said Klein. “I had joined a community that was so different than anything I had experienced before.

“In this job, I found a community that I didn’t know I had,” he said. “That was beyond special. I really do think of this job, this position really, as a gift.”

Klein, who was divorced, found not only professional fulfilment at King David, but personal, too. At the school, he met Deborah Youngson, a King David parent, and they have been together for 13 years.

“Deborah is the gift that keeps on giving,” he said. “She is just simply unbelievable. She has managed to help me through the highs and the lows of this job because I could not have done it on my own. Believe it or not, it may be a small school and it may be a small Jewish community, but there’s a lot of pressure that one feels and trying to look like the pressure isn’t impacting you when it really is, is not always so easy. But having a person who understands and is supportive made the biggest difference in the world.”

There are many tangible and intangible measures of success in the education field. The year Klein started, the Grade 8 incoming class had 18 students. This year’s Grade 8 intake was 65. Total school population has risen to 270 from fewer than 140.

“That’s very pleasing for all of us because the whole goal is to provide a Jewish education for as many Jewish students as we can,” he said. “That’s the mission.”

As the only Jewish high school in town, King David has an obligation to reach the widest swath possible, he said.

“We need to be able to provide as much of an education as we can from secular to, let’s say, a more traditional family,” Klein said, noting they use the term pluralistic Jewish school. “We also describe ourselves as a community school. We are open to everyone. We want everyone to be here. We are not a religious school – I will just clarify that with people – but we are a faith-based school.”

Among the advances during Klein’s tenure has been the solidifying of the Judaics department and the requirement for all students to participate in that component. He cites as a point of pride the annual Grade 8 trip to Israel – though global events have hampered that tradition in recent years.

Taking Grade 8s to Israel is rare, he said, as most Jewish schools in North America wait until students are a bit older. Klein thinks getting kids to Israel as early as possible is invaluable.

Dorin Eilon-Heiber, the school’s Hebrew coordinator and Judaic studies teacher, organizes the Israel trip and she and Klein have now accompanied more than 500 students on the journey.

“That’s probably one of the biggest satisfactions I have,” he said, laughing that it’s hardly a vacation. “But it was a privilege.”

The school had previously taken students on Israel trips but when Klein arrived they began taking the Grade 8s.

“It was considered young and we even had pushback here in taking them [at that age],” Klein acknowledged. However, the impact on the students throughout their high school experience is profound, he said. “I would ask [students], why do you come to a Jewish day school? And the kids don’t know. To be honest, many of them know they’re Jewish, [but] they’ve never been to Israel, they don’t know anything about Israel. My goal was to take them in Grade 8, let them fall in love with Israel and – you know how teenagers are, puppy love, etc. You go to Israel in Grade 8 and it is one of the most special moments you have in your life. We take them to meet Israelis, to spend time in Israeli homes and, literally, they fall in love.

“And then they have four more years to understand why they are actually at a Jewish school or why they’re learning Hebrew or why the history that they are learning is meaningful,” he said. “I just think it changes the conversation for them.”

Then worldwide events intervened. COVID prevented the annual excursion in 2020, 2021 and 2022. By 2023, the only students who had been on the school trip to Israel were in Grade 12. “So, last year, we were able to organize with our Israeli sister school, Har Vagai, two trips,” said Klein. “We took one in October with our Grade 10 students and we took one in March with our Grade 11 students, trying to catch up.”

Doing two trips was too stressful on the school and stressful on the Israeli hosts. “So, we decided at that point that this year we would move the trip to Grade 10 because we couldn’t catch up to get back to Grade 8,” he said.

There were plans to take the students just after Pesach this year. “And then, of course, Oct. 7 happened and we’re not going to Israel in Grade 10 this year,” Klein said. The sister school, located just outside the Vancouver partnership community of Kiryat Shemona, in the Galilee Panhandle, is mostly evacuated due to attacks from Hezbollah in southern Lebanon.

“They are all in hotels and other places and it’s a terrible situation,” said Klein. “Dorin and myself and our spouses are heading to Israel in a few weeks and we’re going to visit our sister school, take them our love and presents, and we’re also going to take our alumni in Tel Aviv and Jerusalem out for dinner, offer them our love and support and just say, hey, we’re here with you.”

Klein credits the entire KDHS team for everything he has accomplished over 16 years, but especially for stepping up during COVID.

Managing education during the pandemic may have been easier for independent schools, being able to navigate separate from a massive bureaucracy, said Klein. Within two days of shutting down in March 2020, King David classes were completely online. Unlike public schools, students were back in classes, with extensive protocols, at the beginning of June.

In addition to the immediate issues of a deadly pandemic, there have been conflicting ideas about vaccines, masks and the broader needs and solutions in dealing with it. Klein credits parents and staff with superb resilience and patience.

There was a loss, though, of some of the social factors. Relationships between school staff and parents were less robust than before the pandemic simply because face-to-face contact was reduced, he said.

COVID has not been the only difficult time.

“The lows are tragic moments, when alumni passed, parents passed,” he said. “Of course, most recently, with the loss of Ben Mizrachi in Israel at the Nova Music Festival [on Oct. 7]. Those are really hard, especially to try and lead when you are feeling as heartbroken as everybody else. Those lows are pretty clear.”

Klein calls the past 16 years “the most meaningful in my life,” bringing him back into a community he had mostly left behind.

“I went to Talmud Torah [elementary school], I was part of the Jewish community in Vancouver. I had my bar mitzvah at the Beth Israel and, then, like a lot of people of my generation, I did not participate,” he said. “I went to Israel in my 20s a couple of times, spent time on kibbutzim and had that experience and fell in love with Israel, but I wasn’t living any religious life or any traditional life whatsoever. When I came to the school, my whole life changed, and I had community and that was a gift.”

As for retirement, Klein has planned not to plan.

“Very intentionally, I am not making a plan,” he said. “I’ve got tension and stress that needs to ooze out of me and it’s going to take a period of time for me to get to know myself again in a different way, without being in a position, to be able to feel relaxed and to not worry every time my phone pings.”

When school reconvenes in September, he and Youngson will be on their way to London to board a cruise to Iceland. Beyond that, he has only one commitment.

Klein’s father, Emerich, who passed away last year, was a survivor of Auschwitz.

“I will totally offer my services to VHEC [the Vancouver Holocaust Education Centre] to see if I can do some storytelling for them so I can bring that message,” said Klein. “But that is actually the only thing that I have thought I will definitely want to offer my services for.”

Diane Friedman, co-chair of the King David board, lauds Klein’s 16 years of accomplishments.

“Russ has overseen the transformation of King David into a strong, lively and inclusive Jewish high school,” Friedman said.

She credited Klein, and the King David team during his tenure, with adding an accelerated math and science program, annual school retreats, and an outdoor education program.

“Russ also built up the Judaics program, making it compulsory for all students with no exceptions – it is who we are – focusing on service and volunteerism,” she said. “Russ recognizes that, while our students’ academic achievements are noteworthy, student achievement is so much more than academic marks.”

Under Klein’s leadership, Friedman noted, King David also became a Canadian Accredited Independent Schools member school, which attests that the institution follows national standards and best practices.

“Russ has been a true guiding light for King David,” she said. “He exemplifies the principles and traditions of Judaism, with a sense of purpose, fairness and kindness. Russ has fostered unity and belonging to a point where the King David community is a family … everyone says so, starting with the students and including staff and families. Russ has an open-door policy and strives to create an environment where every student feels welcome and valued.”

Friedman acknowledged the support the school has received from the Diamond Foundation, which owns the land on which KDHS sits and helped fund renovations and the addition of custom modular units on the campus during Klein’s tenure.

While Klein is set to retire before the dramatic development of JWest breaks ground – a project that will ultimately see the school move into the new community hub on the site of the Jewish Community Centre of Greater Vancouver – Friedman credits Klein for collaborating on that project to ensure the long-term stability of the school.

“While seeing Russ off to retirement is bittersweet, we are excited for the future of King David and we look forward to welcoming Dr. Seth Goldsweig as our new head of school this summer,” said Friedman.

Klein’s years of service will be the focus of celebration at the Golden Thread Gala May 22. Information and tickets are at goldenthreadgala.com.

Rallies help keep hope alive

Jewish Federation of Greater Vancouver chief executive officer Ezra Shanken addresses those who gathered at the Vancouver Art Gallery Jan. 14. (photo by Pat Johnson)

Vancouverites gathered Jan. 14 to mark the 100th day since the Oct. 7 terror attacks and to demand the release of hostages. The weekly vigils – which have taken place since the day after the attacks with the exception only of two weeks during the December holidays – continue to gather hundreds, with police escorts accompanying marchers through downtown streets after speeches outside the Vancouver Art Gallery.

“This is the moment for leaders of the world to take a stand against terrorism, to call on Hamas to release the hostages,” said event organizer Daphna Kedem. “Where are you, world leaders? You stay silent while girls are held in tunnels and Hamas are abusing women of all ages. Where are you? [There are] 136 hostages: 17 women, two children, 15 men and women over the age of 65, 94 men and youngsters, eight foreigners. We will not rest until they are all back.”

Kathryn Zemliya spoke of the commitment she made to Israel when she became a Jew by choice 17 years ago.

“Israel is the Jewish homeland,” she said. “Israel is also the birthplace and source of our Jewish faith. Our religious holidays reflect all the seasonal changes in the state of Israel and we celebrate those throughout the year.”

Her commitment to Israel, she said, is also a very personal one.

“Israel is one of a very few handful of Middle Eastern countries where people are not punished as criminals simply because of their sexual orientation or gender identity,” said Zemliya. “For me, this is tremendously important. There are lots of places in the world where I could not travel with my family, where I could not travel with my wife, but I know that I would always be welcomed in Israel.”

She called for justice and defined what that justice would look like.

“Justice requires that we listen to and believe those who have given testimony of rape, brutality and torture that they have experienced or witnessed at the hands of terrorists,” she said. “Justice requires that we recognize and care for those who have been displaced from their homes due to conflict on all fronts in Israel because the war is not happening just in Gaza. Justice requires that we recognize and care for those who have lost family members, who have been traumatized and who, because of their life circumstances, are retraumatized daily by this terror. My hope is that we will see this justice soon and in our time, that is what we pray for.”

Rabbi Hannah Dresner, senior rabbi at Or Shalom Synagogue, and Rabbi Arik Labowitz, assistant rabbi, addressed the crowd.

“We are here to console one another through the power of gathering in such a difficult time,” said Dresner. She noted that the week’s Torah portion featured the demand by the Israelites to the tyrant of their time to let their people go. “We, likewise, are commanded by everything we know to be decent, to demand of the tyrant of our time, let our people go.”

Labowitz spoke of “waves of grief, fear and deep concern for the existential realities of our precious home in the land of Israel.”

“We are all heartbroken by the loss of life, the ever-deepening chasm and the generations of repair that will be required to heal from this moment in our shared history,” he said. “We know that the Jewish people have a heart that is bigger than any malicious attempts against us. The love and support that has come together to repair the fabric of Israeli society, of our local communities and of each of our hearts, is made up of the strength whose origin is in the plight of our ancestors to be free people in a land of our own, a land where our people were sovereign for centuries and a land that we returned to after 2,000 years of exile.”

photo - Rabbi Arik Labowitz, assistant rabbi of Or Shalom, standing next to his colleague, Rabbi Hannah Dresner, the congregation’s senior rabbi. The two spoke at the Jan. 14 rally marking 100 days since Oct. 7 — Rabbi Arik Labowitz, assistant rabbi of Or Shalom, standing next to his colleague, Rabbi Hannah Dresner, the congregation’s senior rabbi. The two spoke at the Jan. 14 rally marking 100 days since Oct. 7. (photo by Pat Johnson)

Adi Keidar, who moved to Vancouver from Israel in 2000, shared the lesson she has learned since Oct. 7.

“Life, I used to think, matters to all,” she said. “But these past 100 days, I am sad to say, I’m wrong.”

Evil exists, she said, but must not be allowed to be the dominant voice.

Ezra Shanken, chief executive officer of the Jewish Federation of Greater Vancouver, acknowledging the day’s below-freezing temperatures, said of the hostages: “The least we can do is stand here in the cold if they live in the cold depths of the tunnels.

“Let them know that, even in the coldest days of the year, we will stand out here and we will stand with them because we know that they need it,” he said, urging attendees to “keep showing up.”

Kedem, who has organized the events week after week, read aloud the names of the 136 hostages.

107 days

A week later, the King David High School community was front and centre at the Jan. 21 rally. Students of the Jewish school sang and spoke at the gathering, which ended in a downpour of rain as the group marched through city streets.

“You’re a link in a chain that has been growing stronger for thousands of years,” event organizer Daphna Kedem told the students.

Erica Forman, a 2022 alumna of King David, and brother Max Forman, a Grade 12 student, spoke of the strength they gathered during this time of unprecedented antisemitism from their respective communities at the University of British Columbia Hillel and at King David.

Rutie Mizrahi, parent of a Grade 12 student, spoke of her uncle and aunt, Oded and Yocheved Lifshitz, who were abducted from their home in Kibbutz Nir Oz Oct. 7. Yocheved, 85, was among the first hostages released, after 17 days in captivity, because her captors believed she was near death.

The captors underestimated her aunt, Mizrahi said, and she has survived, despite arriving back in Israel appearing to be about half the weight she was when kidnapped. Yocheved had been rolled in a carpet and driven away on a motorcycle, but not before she saw her 83-year-old husband being savagely beaten outside their home. She did not believe he could have survived, but another hostage, freed later, confirmed that Oded was alive in Gaza but, without his blood pressure medication, had repeatedly fainted and was then taken to a hospital.

“The odds that we will see him back alive are close to zero,” Mizrahi said.

King David’s head of school Russ Klein said he is grateful his father, Emerich Klein, a Holocaust survivor who passed away earlier in 2023, is not witnessing the hatred in the world since Oct. 7.

“He instilled in us the need for Israel,” the principal said. “Only Jews, he said, would take care of Jews. I spent much of my time growing up not believing him. As I found with so many things as I got older, I learned my father was right.”

Klein called the school assembly on Oct. 10, when students and faculty gathered to mourn the Hamas murder of alumnus Ben Mizrachi, 22, and the other victims of the pogrom, the hardest moment of his career.

He urged people of all ages to inform themselves of facts to better engage in the discussion around events in Israel and Gaza, specifically directing attendees to resources released recently by the Jewish Federation of Greater Vancouver, an online toolkit called “The Power of One” and a messaging guide called “Real Peace Now.” Both are available at jewishvancouver.com.

KDHS chai celebration

Left to right: Jeff Ross and Stephen Kaye, King David High School co-presidents in 2006, and Diane Friedman and Alain Guez, this year’s co-presidents. (photo from KDHS)

“At King David, Jewish memory and education intersect, creating a unique and powerful learning experience that prepares our students for a lifetime of meaning and purpose,” said King David High School board co-president Alain Guez in his closing remarks at the school’s Golden Thread Gala May 18.

The gala is KDHS’s primary fundraising event of the year, and more than 300 people filled the ballroom at Congregation Beth Israel, including some 50 King David alumni, to celebrate the school’s 18 years in its current building, at Willow Street and 41st Avenue. The school itself is double chai (36) years old, its origins being found in Maimonides Secondary School, which opened in September 1987.

“We would not be here today if Maimonides … had not started us on our path, our derech, to where we are now,” said head of school Russ Klein in his opening remarks.

“This evening is to celebrate what our community has built together,” he said. “The Diamond Foundation, who support so many of our community efforts, made King David possible with their generous support, belief in our importance, and their strong Jewish values.”

Rabbi Stephen Berger, head of Judaic studies at KDHS, noted that the event was taking place on erev Yom Yerushalayim. He compared Yerushalayim – “a holy place for all people, all people can worship G-d in this one place” – to KDHS, in that there are many different Jewish schools in Metro Vancouver but only one high school, and this one high school has to serve everybody across the religious and cultural spectrum. “We don’t always get it right, but it is a place where we can try, and respect and show love to everybody,” he said.

Event co-chairs Heidi Seidman and Sherri Wise said a few words about the school, as well. “It is important to note,” said Seidman, “that not one student is left behind and, when you look around the room tonight, you are all part of the village that makes that possible.”

As auctioneer, Fred Lee – who is a regular contributor to CBC, the Province, Boulevard and Vancouver Magazine – stressed this idea. He spoke about the Jewish community and the importance of the high school. He also helped raise funds that will go towards the school’s programs and students. There was a silent auction, a 50/50 draw and other opportunities to donate.

photo - Throughout the Golden Thread Gala, there were musical performances — Throughout the Golden Thread Gala, there were musical performances. *(photo from KDHS)*

The gala featured panelists Stephen Kaye, and Jeff Ross and Reisa Schwartzman, who were integral to the transition of the school from Maimonides to King David, and for taking the school from the portables it occupied on Baillie Street to having its own building on Willow. They were introduced in a video by their respective children, David Kaye and Zachary Ross, graduates of the inaugural KDHS Class of 2006.

Stephen Kaye came to Canada from South Africa, where there is a network of Jewish day schools called King David Schools. He described himself as “very passionate about Jewish education” and said, “The feedback we got from the community was that, if we could show enough commitment from parents to send their kids to a Jewish high school, there would be support from the community.” It was a hard sell, he said, but then the Diamonds bought the land at Willow and 41st.

Stephen and Sandy Kaye shlepped three kids from North Vancouver to King David in Vancouver, noted Klein, who emceed the panel discussion.

Ross spoke of studies showing that kids who have gone to a Jewish high school are more Jewishly knowledgeable and involved. And yet, he said that, in the beginning, there was almost a feeling that you were sacrificing your children to the experiment of a new high school, but that didn’t turn out to be the case. Ross gave Rabbi Mordechai Feuerstein, a co-founder of Maimonides, kudos for his efforts to keep the school going.

When the school was in “the shack” (portables) on Baillie Street, said Schwartzman, there were fewer than 60 kids and now there are more than 270. Back when she was helping bring KDHS into existence, she said she was confident this growth would happen, based on a survey that was conducted at Vancouver Talmud Torah, which would be the main feeder school into the high school. She was president of VTT at the time, and the survey of parents showed that about 50% of the kids from VTT would go to a Jewish high school if there were one.

Quality education was important to everyone, said Schwartzman, and one of the things the group behind KDHS did to ensure quality was to bring Perry Seidelman in as principal. Seidelman, who had some 30 years’ experience in teaching and administration at the time, had been contemplating retirement, but took on the principalship and held the position until 2008; he was succeeded by Klein.

In a video that featured Gordon and Leslie Diamond and their daughter Jill Diamond, as well as Class of 2023 students talking about how the school has positively impacted them, the Diamonds spoke of how proud they were of KDHS, its students, staff, and all the people who have given it its “personality” and contributed to its success. Calling the school “a labour of love for the Diamond Foundation,” Jill Diamond said, “And the most wonderful thing about King David is that it is teaching the Jewish values of tikkun olam, of chesed, of mitzvot and of tzedakah to the next generation of leaders of our community.”

Such has been the growth of the school that it added a modular unit last year, the building of which was funded by the Diamond Foundation. In her remarks with Guez, KDHS board co-president Diane Friedman spoke about how the addition is affectionately called the school’s “East Campus,” and thanked the foundation, as well as the donors who filled the modular with state-of-the art equipment, furniture and technology.

The evening came to a close with Klein and Seidelman. The former principal said he had worked at many schools before King David, and that he liked all of them – but he “loved King David.” He said he felt very proud as he looked around the room.

The gala also featured, under the direction of music teacher Johnny Seguin, the KDHS jazz band, who played at the cocktail reception – Luca Jeffery, Max Kimel, Jesse Millman and Nikki Wiseman – and performances throughout the night by singers Ella Ankenman, Kailey Bressler, Rachel Gerber, Mhairi Hemingson and Nikki Wiseman, with choreography credit given to Shai Rubin.

Gala committee members were Cyndi Ankenman, Dalia Bressler, Laura Feldman, Andrea Foxman, Nicole Ginsberg, Margaret Hemingson, Anna Herman, Ruth Jankelowitz, Joelly Simkin and Annie Simpson. Other volunteers were Lina Chernov, Kim Fisher, Jessica Forman, Simon Karsyente, Matilda Rosman Levsky, Melina Baum Singer, Gaenor Vaida, Jacqueline Wener and King David students Danielle Agulyansky, Eden Almog, Ali Fadida, Tamir Gini and Yuli Kabazo.

KDHS hits all the right notes

Rachel Gerber, playing Donna Sheridan, performing “Money, Money, Money” in King David High School’s production of Mamma Mia! (photo from KDHS)

High school theatre programs have the power to unite a student body. At King David High School, community values are inseparable from the student experience, and their recent production of Mamma Mia! May 3-4 was a captivating demonstration of exactly that.

Mamma Mia! follows a young bride’s search for her birth father, leading her to invite three of her mother’s former lovers to her wedding. It is a tale of love, friendship and family, told through the beloved hits of the iconic ABBA. I was lucky enough to see the King David High School production of the show on its sold-out closing night May 4. The audience was brought to its feet by the final song, “Waterloo.”

Staging a musical such as Mamma Mia! requires teamwork and camaraderie. The show largely relies on its ensemble and King David’s ensemble and principal actors seamlessly collaborated in their singing, dancing and acting. Several of the actors agreed that the most meaningful part of the process was the cast coming together over the course of rehearsals and the performances.

The cast featured students from grades 8 to 12. The on-stage band, led by Johnny Seguin, was professional and impressive, providing a soulful and steady backbone for the actors. With an electric musical score, a heart-warming plot and countless laughs, any theatre’s take on Mamma Mia! is sure to delight its audience, and this production was no exception.

The graduating seniors of King David claimed the stage in roles that showcased their respective talents. The curtains rose as Kailey Bressler, playing Sophie Sheridan, enchanted the audience with an angelic rendition of “I Have a Dream.” Bressler – who, full disclosure, is my sister – portrayed Sophie with a balance of sweetness and confidence, accompanied by her breathtaking voice. While I did not see Mhairi Hemingson’s portrayal of Sophie the day before, she earned herself rave reviews – I heard she gave a genuine and graceful performance.

The introduction of Sophie’s mother, Donna Sheridan, and the Dynamos sent laughter and excitement throughout the audience. Nikki Wiseman brought energy and humour to the character of Rosie, skilfully counterbalanced by Kiera Katz’s poised and classy portrayal of Tanya. Both Wiseman and Katz said that a memorable part of the rehearsal period was developing the dynamic between their characters, and their efforts paid off, eliciting roaring laughter with each interaction. Completing the trio was Rachel Gerber’s portrayal of the matriarch, Donna. Gerber’s performance emanated confidence, energy and depth, bringing some to tears with her rendition of “The Winner Takes It All.”

The leading male characters of the show – Sophie’s three possible dads – also delivered heartfelt and vibrant performances. Shai Rubin’s Sam was dignified and upbeat. Ori Haber, who played Harry, shared that his favourite part of rehearsals was crafting the intricate interactions among the dads, who happen to be his real-life best friends. The actors’ friendship translated on stage, especially with the masterful comedic timing of Yair Cohen, playing Bill. Another standout was Jesse Millman’s exuberant stage presence as Sophie’s fiancé, Sky.

As King David prepares to send off its graduating class, Mamma Mia! proved to be the ideal narrative for its seniors. The story captures the journey of navigating unique paths while having the comfort of community to fall back on. It is about growing up and self-acceptance in an ever-changing world. Gerber and Bressler’s rendition of “Slipping Through My Fingers” perfectly captured the emotional core of the story – it was an emotional moment for the families of the graduating class, as well.

With their talent and joy, this remarkable cast and crew made Mamma Mia! a pleasure to watch, and a beautiful testament to the strength of King David’s community.

Alisa Bressler is a fourth-year student at Queen’s University in Kingston, Ont. She is an avid reader and writer, and the online director of the arts and culture publication MUSE Magazine. Bressler is a member of the Vancouver Jewish community, and the inaugural Baila Lazarus Jewish Journalism Intern.

KDHS gala coming soon

King David High School Golden Thread Gala co-chairs Heidi Seidman, left, and Sherri Wise. (photo from KDHS)

Heidi Seidman and Sherri Wise are excited to be back as co-chairs of the gala, which this year takes place May 18, 6:30 p.m., at Congregation Beth Israel. Having a combined three kids at the school, they recognize that Jewish high schools provide a unique environment for students to learn about their Jewish identity, while receiving an amazing education. An emphasis on values such as tikkun olam (repairing the world), social justice, community service, instilling a sense of responsibility and commitment to making a positive impact on the world, are just a few of the amazing things students learn.

This year, the annual Golden Thread Gala fundraiser celebrates 18 years of the school on Willow Street. For 18 years, the halls of KDHS have been filled with immersive Jewish and academic learning. This education is the golden thread that weaves the past and present together, shaping the next generation of students and alumni.

The gala evening includes dinner, entertainment, photo booth, silent auction, wine wall and raffle. For tickets, visit goldenthreadgala.com.

– Courtesy King David High School

Survivor breaks his silence

Emerich Klein speaks to a student following his recent talk at King David High School. (photo from KDHS)

For decades, Emerich Klein kept his story of survival during the Holocaust to himself. While raising two children in Vancouver and making a life, he shared nothing of what had happened to him after he, together with his family, was deported to Auschwitz.

After years of cajoling, Klein shared his experiences with Russ Klein, his son, who is principal of King David High School. In 2019, he also sat with interviewer Hodie Kahn and recorded almost four hours of testimony for the Vancouver Holocaust Education Centre.

On Feb. 14, with his son the principal at his side, Emerich Klein spoke of his survival story for the first time to an audience, addressing students in a Holocaust studies class. The students had viewed the recorded testimony in advance of the visit.

Klein was born in Uzhorod, Czechoslovakia, in 1930, and lived with his sister Judith and their parents Isidor and Rose on the site of the electric power plant where Isidor worked. They had a large extended family and Emerich remembers Shabbat dinners at his grandparents’ home, with throngs of cousins. His grandparents, who were very traditional, were in charge of the mikveh and his grandfather was a melamed, a teacher.

Emerich’s early childhood was largely uneventful, except for being taunted and beaten up on his way to and from school by non-Jewish kids. At one point, on the advice of a teacher, he loaded his school bag with rocks and took revenge on his tormentors. When one of the bullies dragged the police to the Kleins’ door urging assault charges, Emerich’s father explained how his son frequently returned from school bloody. The cop apologized and left. The father of the bully beat his own son – not for bullying, it would seem, but for being bested by a Jew.

While older people may have sensed the shifting social climate, for kids like Emerich, things seemed pretty good for a time. By 1941, though, Jewish businesses could operate only with an Aryan partner and so an uncle had to close his small bakery.

When Isidor was conscripted – first into the army and then, when Jews could no longer serve in the military, in a work battalion – the family’s fortunes suffered. His boss at the power plant eventually convinced authorities that he was an irreplaceable employee.

One day, a stranger showed up in town, speaking a language Emerich did not understand. The boy took the man to a rabbi and, after the rabbi shooed Emerich away, the man explained that he had escaped Poland and told the rabbi what was happening to Jews there. The man’s stories of ghettoization, forced starvation and worse was unimaginable to the Jews of Uzhorod.

Under the 1938 Munich Agreement, which British prime minister Neville Chamberlain signed with Hitler to partition Czechoslovakia, Uzhorod was returned to Hungary, to which it had belonged until the First World War. (It is now in Ukraine.) In 1944, the Nazis occupied Hungary, and things got much worse for the Jews living there. When they heard the word “ghetto,” the words of the Polish stranger who had shown up in town returned to them.

Emerich’s grandfather was stopped on the street, beaten up and had his beard cut off. Jews were ordered to report to a cordoned-off area but, because this ghetto was so small, it served mostly as a deportation area. The Kleins remained there only for a couple of days.

They were packed into railway cars, with only room to stand. One big drum served as a potable water supply and another as a toilet. Children were crying, people were moaning.

After several days – Emerich doesn’t know how long – the train stopped. People were banging on the outside of the cars and the doors were flung open. People in striped clothes screamed at them to get out. They had arrived at Auschwitz.

Once they got down off the train, the women and children were separated from the men. The old and sick were yanked across the tracks and packed into big waiting trucks. Rose pushed Emerich to join the men. The boy didn’t want to let go of his mother but she screamed at him to leave. He ran and found his father.

While waiting for the next step in their processing, Emerich saw what he thought were piles of cordwood but he soon realized they were human bodies. The new arrivals were taken to a building for a cold shower, then they were shaved, doused in disinfectant and handed clothing in random sizes.

When an army officer called for metal workers, Isidor volunteered and a fellow prisoner advised Emerich to step forward or risk being separated from his father. Despite his lack of knowledge in the field, Emerich passed himself off as an apprentice. Together, the father and son were separated from the rest of the group and transported out of Auschwitz, on a train again for days, until they arrived in France.

Isidor and Emerich worked at a mine in tolerable conditions, with survival rations for a time, until they were moved again, to a salt mine in Germany. There, they were joined by 1,000 inmates from Poland and Emerich and the others learned the horrors of what was happening further east.

At the salt mine, their job was to break boulders to make gravel and then level out the ground, so concrete could be pored over it. After a time, Emerich was put on burial duty, which was less physically onerous work. A Russian prisoner assured Emerich that the war would soon be over and to keep up his strength. He would move on to factory work, cleaning the floor and cutting aluminum.

In April 1945, the workers were forced on a death march. Planes were flying so low that the prisoners could see the pilots. As the march continued, Isidor insisted he couldn’t go on, but Emerich and two of their friends stuck together and forced the father to keep moving. Eventually, they were loaded onto a train and provided food for the first time in nine days. Then, in the midst of a great commotion, the incarcerated passengers realized that the German army was in full retreat. The guards abandoned the prisoners.

Emerich and his group walked into the nearest town, which was already overrun with freed prisoners. They were put up in a German army base that had been repurposed as a repatriation centre. Tables had been set up for each country and people registered their names and hometowns.

Emerich and Isidor eventually made it back to Uzhorod, but Emerich’s mother Rose and sister Judith never returned. All the extended relatives but two cousins were gone. Emerich spent most of the time crying.

After a few weeks, Emerich left by himself for Prague and registered with the Joint Distribution Committee, after which he was transferred to a displaced persons camp in Germany. He intended to go to Palestine with members of his youth movement, but word came that the British were halting migration.

A friend told him of an opportunity to go to Canada, so they signed up. Six months later, Emerich docked in Halifax and made his way to Toronto, where he stayed for two years. The Jewish community there was highly supportive and Emerich became an apprentice jeweler. Isidor, who in the new world would be known as Robert, and his new wife arrived during this time.

Isidor/Robert had remarried a fellow survivor from Uzhorod, who had a sibling in Chilliwack, B.C., so the family headed to the West Coast. Emerich met his wife, the Vancouver-born Jenny, in a bowling alley during a B’nai B’rith event.

In the King David classroom last month, students asked thoughtful questions and Klein responded. His son told students they were lucky to see the elder Mr. Klein at his most talkative, as getting a sentence from the soft-spoken senior is considered by family members to be an accomplishment.

photo Russ Klein, principal of King David High School, and his father, Emerich Klein, who spoke to a KDHS class in February about his experiences during the Holocaust. — Russ Klein, principal of King David High School, and his father, Emerich Klein, who spoke to a KDHS class in February about his experiences during the Holocaust. *(photo from KDHS)*

A student asked if he ever lost faith that he would survive.

“Yes, definitely,” said Klein. “We lived not from week to week or day to day, but from hour to hour. Life didn’t mean a thing.”

About liberation, he said, “I felt wonderful. I felt that I’d been given a chance to live again, to be human again.”

Asked how his experiences under the Nazis and their collaborators had affected his attitudes toward religion, Klein was blunt.

“It sort of turned me against it,” he said. Nevertheless, he insisted that his two children attend Talmud Torah elementary school. Why?

“To learn about Judaism and to learn about the Holocaust,” he said, turning to his son. “I was not able to talk about it, but you had to know about it. That was the only way that I could get my children to learn about it. They couldn’t learn it through me.”

His decades-long refusal to discuss the past with his children was intended to prevent the next generation from anguish, he said.

“Why should they suffer my pain?” he asked. “That was a terrible thing to think about. Bad enough that I suffered, [why should] they suffer the same thing through me?”

Reflecting on his postwar return to Uzhorod, Klein was again straightforward.

“I went back to see who came back from the family. I spent a month, maybe six weeks there and then I left, never to return,” he said. “It was very difficult. I came up against reality there. Up until then, we did not know what happened to the rest of our family. We were separated and that’s all I knew. I had hopes that everybody was coming back. Nobody came back. So there was no point in me staying there.”

Coming to Canada was wonderful and difficult, he said.

“Wonderful just to get out of Europe – doesn’t matter where,” he said. “I just wanted to get out of that country that was soaked in Jewish blood.” But, he added: “It was difficult – difficult to get used to a new life, a new way of living, a new language, a new country. I was 17 years old. It was very difficult but you make do. You do the best you can. You adjust.”

Settling into life in Vancouver, Klein made family and stability his focus.

“A normal person would try to make a living and get themselves a better position, work your way up in life,” he said. “To me, that was not important. To me, the important thing was family. I concentrated on one thing only. Just to give you an example, all my friends went into business – I did not. They asked me, why don’t you go into business? I said … what happens if it doesn’t go right? These children cannot be hungry. I knew what hunger was. It was so important for me to stay just at a low level but make sure that my family will not go without. That was an effect of what happened to me.”

A student asked why, after all these years, Klein decided to speak.

“Because I was convinced after an awful long time that to be silent is being complicit in what happened,” he said. “You’ve got to talk about it, even if it hurts, you’ve got to talk about it.”

He is concerned by some of the political developments he sees in the world today.

“Most of humanity is very good,” he said. “There are parts of society that are not good. Let’s face it, people can be influenced very easily. If you get a charismatic person, [they] can convince people of almost anything they want.”